1 Jumps to the three-level or ones that force to the three-level pretty much always show 5-5 shape or better.
Jumps higher than listed above are natural and preemptive.
After RJOs, 2NT is an artificial game try with three cards in the highest-ranking suit. Raises are blocking, usually following the law of total tricks. Cue bid is a strong game invitation, but does not promise a rebid. A bid of the fourth suit is to play. A jump cue promises game-going values and sets up a force; a jump to game does not.
After the cue bid, continuations are similar; cue is a strong invitation/probe, jumps are blocking, and 2NT is a game try with 3 cards in the higher-ranking suit.
With wild shape, two-suited bidders are allowed to bid again, but generally don't unless they have a good reason.
Advancer should usually give up on slam and bounce to game unless he has a mountain after an RJO. Bidding game on the first round of the auction puts an enormous amount of pressure on the opponents and often leads to a won board (assuming it's a sensible choice).
After a cue or RJO is doubled, pass is to play. Redouble is primarily for blood after an RJO, but says, "you choose" after a cue.
These bids still apply by passed hands, although the 2NT bid is very rare, showing freak distribution, typically 7-5 or so.
Doubles by advancer are card-showing, hands with no clear direction.
Red on white, 7-loser hands are uncommon. Raises are somewhat invitational.
If one has a fragment in the fourth suit, generally it's right to make a takeout double (or NTO) unless the two suits are chunky and the fragment is three small. This can be stretched a bit if the two suits are majors; it's often right to show two decent majors even with honor third in the other minor.
When the choice is between a two-suited bid and a power double, more factors enter into the choice. With 5431 hands, strongly tend to pick the two-suited action. With 5422, judge by honor location. If the two short suits are strong and there's a double stop in their suit, it's likely to be right to make a power double.
What do you do with a normal weak jump overcall? Either make a simple overcall or preempt one level higher, depending on the suit and your personality and methods.
When on lead, it's often right to lead the back suit (the four-card one shown) because partner will not often show both suits with a good five-card suit and a very weak four-card suit.